Prevalencia de burnout y factores asociados en personal de salud durante la pandemia COVID-19
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jul 4, 2024
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https://doi.org/10.36677/medicinainvestigacion.v12i2.22953
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Oswaldo Sinoe Medina Gómez
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1286-7317
Miguel Ángel Lorenzo Vivas
http://orcid.org/0009-0000-8882-6496
Nancy García Cervantes
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2487-8999
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1286-7317
Miguel Ángel Lorenzo Vivas
http://orcid.org/0009-0000-8882-6496
Nancy García Cervantes
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2487-8999
Resumen
Introducción: El síndrome de Burnout suele aparecer con mayor frecuencia en escenarios laborales de alta competitividad como es el area de la salud, el cual puede incrementarse en escenarios estresantes.
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout en trabajadores en una unidad médica de primer nivel de atención durante la Pandemia COVID-19.
Método: Estudio transversal en la población trabajadora de la unidad médica a quienes se les aplicó el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory. Se exploraron características sociodemográficas y laborales. Se realizó análisis descriptivo; se utilizaron pruebas de hipótesis con chi cuadrada, razón de prevalencias, prueba de t para muestras independientes y regresión logística.
Resultados: La prevalencia de Burnout fue del 7.93%, no se encontraron diferencias por sexo, turno laboral, condición de contratación, tipo de trabajo. Una mayor antigüedad fue identificado como un factor protector para presentar Burnout en general y cada uno de sus componentes.
Conclusión: La prevalencia de Síndrome de Burnout durante la pandemia por COVID-19 fue menor a la reportada en otros estudios, diversos mecanismos de autocontrol y de soporte pueden haber favorecido una mejor respuesta para presentar Bournout.
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MEDINA GÓMEZ, Oswaldo Sinoe; LORENZO VIVAS, Miguel Ángel; GARCÍA CERVANTES, Nancy.
Prevalencia de burnout y factores asociados en personal de salud durante la pandemia COVID-19.
Medicina e Investigación Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, [S.l.], v. 12, n. 2, p. 61-66, jul. 2024.
ISSN 2594-0600.
Disponible en: <https://medicinainvestigacion.uaemex.mx/article/view/22953>. Fecha de acceso: 10 oct. 2024
doi: https://doi.org/10.36677/medicinainvestigacion.v12i2.22953.
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Colmenares J, Acosta R, Cárdenas E, Carvajal C, Guzmán O, Hernandez, M, et al. Prevalencia del Sindrome de Burnout en personal de enfermería de México. Revista Cubana de Salud y Trabajo. 2018; 19 (2): 14-18.
Romero-González A, Aldrete-Velasco J, Pedraza-Chávez J, Reyes-Zavala C, Treviño-Lozano F, Barrel A, et al. Burnout syndrome in Mexican health professionals. Doctors: martyrs or victims of their profession? Med Int Mex. 2021; 37 (3): 343-358.
Real-Ramírez J. García-Bello LA, Robles-García R, Martínez M, Adame-Rivas M, Balderas-Pliego M, et al. Well-being status and post-traumatic stress symptoms in health workers attending mindfulness sessions during the early stage of the COVID-19 epidemic in Mexico. Salud Mental. 2020; 43 (6): 303-310.
Sasangohar F, Jones SL, Masud FN, Vahidy FS, Kash BA. Provider burnout and fatigue during the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned from a high-volume intensive care unit. Anesth Analg. 2020; 131: 106-111.
Shanafelt T, Ripp J, Trockel M. Understanding and addressing sources of anxiety among health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. JAMA. 2020; 323: 2133-2134.
Jones A, Clark J, Mohammad R. Burnout and secondary traumatic stress in health-system pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2021; 78 (9): 818–824.
Loya-Murguía K, Valdez-Ramírez J, Bacardí-Gascón M, Jiménez-Cruz A. Burnout síndrome among health personnel in Latinamerica: systematic review. JONNPR. 2018; 3 (1): 40-48.
Quiroz-Ascencio G, Vergara-Orozco MG, Yáñez-Campos M del R, Pelayo-Guerrero P, Moreno-Ponce R, Mejía-Mendoza ML. Prevalencia de sín- drome de Burnout en profesionales de la salud ante pandemia de COVID-19. Sal Jal. 2021; 8: 20-32.
Miranda-Lara VR, Monzalvo-Herrera G, Hernández-Caballero B, Ocampo-Torres M. Prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en personal de enfermería de dos instituciones de salud. Rev Enferm IMSS. 2016; 24 (2): 115-122.
Baptista S, Teixeira A, Castro L, et al. Physician Burnout in Primary Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health. 2021; 12.
González-Cendán JM, Pino-Rodríguez D, Abreu-Terry M, Sinal-Montalvo D, González-Pino D, Rodríguez-García S. Burnout syndrome in professionals of the Oncology Service of the Hospital in Ciego de Ávila. Mediciego. 2020; 26 (3): 1-15.
Busch I, Moretti F, Mazzi M, Wu A, Rimondini M. What we have learned from two decades of epidemics and pandemics: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the psychological burden of frontline healthcare workers. Psychother Psychosom. 2021; 90 (3): 178-190.
Lavoie-Tremblay M, Gélinas C, Aubé T, Tchouaket E, Tremblay D, Gagnon MP, et al. Influence of caring for COVID-19 patients on nurse’s turnover, work satisfaction and quality of care. J. Nurs. Manag. 2022; 30 (1): 33-43.
Matsuo T, Kobayashi D, Taki F, Sakamoto F, Uehara Y, Mori N, et al. Prevalence of Health Care Worker Burnout During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Japan. JAMA Netw Open. 2020; 3 (8): e2017271.
Wu Y, Wang J, Luo C, Hu S, Lin X, Anderson A, et al. A comparison of burnout frequency among oncology physicians and nurses working on the front lines and usual wards during the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2020; 60 (1): e60–5.
Cao J, Wei J, Zhu H, Duan Y, Geng W, Hong X, et al. A study of basic needs and psychological wellbeing of medical workers in the fever clinic of a tertiary general hospital in Beijing during the COVID-19 outbreak. Psychother Psychosom. 2020; 89 (4): 252-254.
Soto-Rubio A, Giménez-Espert MdC, Prado-Gascó V. Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Psychosocial Risks on Burnout, Job Satisfaction, and Nurs- es’ Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2020; 17 (21): 7998.